BULGARIA STATE
Bulgaria state has been selected by Roberto Amati in relation to the real history of european integration, then enlisted in the EUROPEAN STATES category, accompanied by own fact SHEET useful to the comprehension, completed of historical MAPS AND IMAGES or with a direct linking to the related Blog contents dedicated to the entire history of european integration and the future of Europe.
Bulgaria is an aeternitas of the history of european integration that will have influence on the future of Europe. The name given by the inhabitants is REPUBLIKA BULGARIA applying the official national language of Bulgarian (belonging to he group of Slavic family) spoken by the citizens who today live in the parliamentary Republic of Bulgaria, together with the large minorities speaking Greek, Turkish and Armenian.
Bulgaria is situated in southern Europe along the Balkans Peninsula overlooking eastward on the Black Sea while it confines on North with Romania, at West with Serbia and Macedonia and at south with Greece andthe northern border of the enclave of the turkish Thracia and Istambul (the ancient Constantinople). Its territory is signed by the course of the Danube river, that defines the border with Romania from West to the Dobrugia region, and the wade fluvial valley plain going towards the Stara Planina mountain chain that separates from the hilly valley of the Marica river (where is sited the Valley of roses), before to get the Rodopi Mounts at south on the edge with Greece connected to the highest mountain system of Pirin and Rila planina, where the peaks are over 3000 mt. and start the Struma and Mesta rivers erupting into the Aegean Sea. Others important bulgarian rivers are Lom, Cibrica, Ogosta, Skat, Iskar, Vit, Osam, Jantra and Rusenski, all starting from the Balkans and tributaries of the Danube, while the Provadijska and the Kamcija erupt into the Black Sea. The Bulgaria weather is continental with frequent thermal excursion during the year and lots of precipitations epsecially in winter, while along the seaside coasts the temperatures are stable and mild weather.
The history of Bulgaria started with the first settlements of the Thracians tribe of the Danubians people (as you can see in this article) who formed a kingdom ruled by dinasties descending from Zeus sons Gods, such as Diomede an hero of the Troy War, often in war against Greeks and Scytians until it was annexed to the Persian Empire by the Achmenidi dinasty dinasty in VI century BC (suggested reading of my article on the divine biblical reigns). After the Persian Wars, Thracia had been annexed to the Macedonian Kingdom ruled by the Argeadi dinasty and the following Diadochi Kingdom of Tracia and restored independent until Romans conquered the whole region in I century AD. Then within the reform of Augustus (see Roman Empire), Bulgaria was included into the Tracia and Moesia Inferior provinces that with the reform of Constantine I (see Christian Empire) became part of the Thraciae diocesi. At the falling of Western Roman Empire, Bulgaria remained within the Byzantine Empire posessions, inserted into the Bulgaria, Makedonia, Paristrion and Thrace themes as part of the Moesia and Thracya diocesi.
Things changed for Bulgaria when it was conquered by Bulgars in VII century AD, who formed the Bulgarians Empire in 681 AD ruled by various dinasties (in particular the Dulo family), leaving an important sign on the whole history of european integration. The new political entity created many troubles to the Byzantine Empire that in 971 AD defeated the Bulgars with the Basileus Basil II "bulgar slayer" who restored the Bulgar Empire as a client-state ruled by members of his Macedoni dinasty (976 AD), one of the most important european genealogies of all times. Extinted that dinasty, the Bulgaria was reannexed to Byzantine Empire but restored as II Bulgar Empire since 1185 AD and ruled by various bulgarian dinasties (Asen, Terter, Shishman) until it had been conquered by Turks in XIV century AD.
The deifinitive independence of Bulgaria came in 1878 AD after the "balkan's war" with establishment of the Kingdom of Bulgaria ruled by Alexander Battenberg, who passed the scepter to the Sassonia-Coburgo-Gotha dinasty in 1887 AD. At the end of the Second World War Bulgaria became a socialist Republic under dominion of Soviet Union until 1989 AD when it obtained the full sovranity of democratic Republic of nowadays. That evolution allowed the state to become a member of the European Union in 2006 AD, even if the Bulgaria currency remains the national Lev coin. Bulgaria is fragmented in several administrative distrcts (Blagojevgrad, Burgas, Pernik, Gabrovo, Haskovo, Jambol, Kardzali, Kjustendil, Lovec, Mihajlovgrad, Pazardzik, Pleven, Plovdiv, Razgrad, Ruse, Silistra, Sliven, Smoljian, Sofia, Stara Zagora region, Sumen, Targoviste, Tolbuhin, Varna, Veliko Turnovo, Vidin, Vraca) and its capital is Sofia/Serdica, the biggest among the ancient cities of Pleven, Plovdiv, Presalv, Varna (seat of a large and important ortodox archibischopric and of the decisive battle of 1444 AD) and Burgas.
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